Sambucus canadensis
This common native shrub spans most of the easten U.S. and can reach up to 12 feet tall. Elderberry can commonly be identified by its cluster of white flowers blooming from May to July. Following the flowers are clusters of dark purple berries that are used in jelly, pies, wine, and medicine. The flowers of this plant are known to attract pollinators and give off a fresh flower scent. The perennial shrub thrives in partial shade, variable soil pH, and a range of wet and dry soils. Native Americans used this plant for medicinal purposes.
| Days to germination | 30-90 days |
| Days to maturity | 6 months- 1 year |
| Life cycle | Perennial |
| Plant time | year-round |
| Spacing | 24"-48" |
| Sun | full sun, part shade, shade |
| Soil moisture | very wet to occasionally dry |
| Optimum soil P.H | 6 - 7 |
| Height | 10ft-15ft |